1880. 检查某单词是否等于两单词之和
1880. 检查某单词是否等于两单词之和
题目
The letter value of a letter is its position in the alphabet starting from 0 (i.e. 'a' -> 0
, 'b' -> 1
, 'c' -> 2
, etc.).
The numerical value of some string of lowercase English letters s
is the concatenation of the letter values of each letter in s
, which is then converted into an integer.
- For example, if
s = "acb"
, we concatenate each letter's letter value, resulting in"021"
. After converting it, we get21
.
You are given three strings firstWord
, secondWord
, and targetWord
, each consisting of lowercase English letters 'a'
through 'j'
inclusive.
Return true
_if the summation of the numerical values of _firstWord
andsecondWord
_equals the numerical value of _targetWord
, orfalse
otherwise.
Example 1:
Input: firstWord = "acb", secondWord = "cba", targetWord = "cdb"
Output: true
Explanation:
The numerical value of firstWord is "acb" -> "021" -> 21.
The numerical value of secondWord is "cba" -> "210" -> 210.
The numerical value of targetWord is "cdb" -> "231" -> 231.
We return true because 21 + 210 == 231.
Example 2:
Input: firstWord = "aaa", secondWord = "a", targetWord = "aab"
Output: false
Explanation:
The numerical value of firstWord is "aaa" -> "000" -> 0.
The numerical value of secondWord is "a" -> "0" -> 0.
The numerical value of targetWord is "aab" -> "001" -> 1.
We return false because 0 + 0 != 1.
Example 3:
Input: firstWord = "aaa", secondWord = "a", targetWord = "aaaa"
Output: true
Explanation:
The numerical value of firstWord is "aaa" -> "000" -> 0.
The numerical value of secondWord is "a" -> "0" -> 0.
The numerical value of targetWord is "aaaa" -> "0000" -> 0.
We return true because 0 + 0 == 0.
Constraints:
1 <= firstWord.length, ``secondWord.length, ``targetWord.length <= 8
firstWord
,secondWord
, andtargetWord
consist of lowercase English letters from'a'
to'j'
inclusive.
题目大意
字母的 字母值 取决于字母在字母表中的位置,从 0 开始 计数。即,'a' -> 0
、'b' -> 1
、'c' -> 2
,以此类推。
对某个由小写字母组成的字符串 s
而言,其 数值 就等于将 s
中每个字母的 字母值 按顺序 连接 并 转换 成对应整数。
- 例如,
s = "acb"
,依次连接每个字母的字母值可以得到"021"
,转换为整数得到21
。
给你三个字符串 firstWord
、secondWord
和 targetWord
,每个字符串都由从 'a'
到 'j'
(含'a'
和 'j'
)的小写英文字母组成。
如果 firstWord
和 secondWord
的 数值之和 等于 targetWord
的数值,返回 true
;否则,返回 false
。
示例 1:
输入: firstWord = "acb", secondWord = "cba", targetWord = "cdb"
输出: true
解释:
firstWord 的数值为 "acb" -> "021" -> 21
secondWord 的数值为 "cba" -> "210" -> 210
targetWord 的数值为 "cdb" -> "231" -> 231
由于 21 + 210 == 231 ,返回 true
示例 2:
输入: firstWord = "aaa", secondWord = "a", targetWord = "aab"
输出: false
解释:
firstWord 的数值为 "aaa" -> "000" -> 0
secondWord 的数值为 "a" -> "0" -> 0
targetWord 的数值为 "aab" -> "001" -> 1
由于 0 + 0 != 1 ,返回 false
示例 3:
输入: firstWord = "aaa", secondWord = "a", targetWord = "aaaa"
输出: true
解释:
firstWord 的数值为 "aaa" -> "000" -> 0
secondWord 的数值为 "a" -> "0" -> 0
targetWord 的数值为 "aaaa" -> "0000" -> 0
由于 0 + 0 == 0 ,返回 true
提示:
1 <= firstWord.length, ``secondWord.length, ``targetWord.length <= 8
firstWord
、secondWord
和targetWord
仅由从'a'
到'j'
(含'a'
和'j'
)的小写英文字母组成。
解题思路
字母与数字的映射:
- 每个字母都对应一个数字,
'a' -> 0
、'b' -> 1
、'c' -> 2
,以此类推,我们可以通过charCodeAt
方法将字符转换为对应的数字:char.charCodeAt() - 97
。
- 每个字母都对应一个数字,
将字符串转换为数字:
- 对于每个字符串,逐个字符转换为数字。
- 每遍历一个字符,就将当前数字乘以 10,并加上当前字符对应的数字,模拟数字的拼接。
求和与比较:
- 将转换后的两个字符串对应的数字加在一起,判断和是否等于第三个字符串对应的数字。
复杂度分析
- 时间复杂度:
O(n)
,其中n
是字符串的最大长度,只需要遍历每个字符串一次来进行转换。 - 空间复杂度:
O(1)
,只使用了常数空间来存储数字。
代码
/**
* @param {string} firstWord
* @param {string} secondWord
* @param {string} targetWord
* @return {boolean}
*/
var isSumEqual = function (firstWord, secondWord, targetWord) {
// 将字符串转换为数字的辅助函数
const wordToNum = (str) => {
let num = 0;
for (let char of str) {
num = num * 10 + char.charCodeAt() - 97;
}
return num;
};
// 比较两个字符串转换后的和是否等于目标字符串的数字
return wordToNum(firstWord) + wordToNum(secondWord) === wordToNum(targetWord);
};